Postbiotics vs Probiotics: Cosmetic Claims You Can Actually Make and Substantiate

An authoritative and strategic perspective for brands navigating the microbiome era

The microbiome conversation has become one of the most powerful storytelling tools in modern skincare. Yet it is also one of the most misunderstood. As brands race to position themselves at the forefront of microbiome science, the gap between marketing ambition and regulatory reality continues to widen. After thirty years working across formulation, regulatory strategy and brand development for top selling global skincare products, I have seen the same pattern repeat itself. Brands want to talk about probiotics. Regulators want to talk about evidence. And consumers want clarity.

This article provides a grounded, scientifically credible and strategically informed view of what you can actually claim when working with probiotics and postbiotics in cosmetic formulations. It is designed to help brands communicate innovation without crossing regulatory lines, while building trust through accuracy and substantiation.

Why the Distinction Matters

The terms probiotic and postbiotic are often used interchangeably in beauty marketing, but they are not the same. Regulators, scientists and formulators treat them very differently, and so should brands.

Probiotics

Probiotics are live microorganisms that provide a health benefit when administered in adequate amounts. This definition is widely accepted in scientific literature and supported by the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics.

The challenge for cosmetics is straightforward. A cosmetic product is not designed to deliver live organisms. Preservation systems are specifically engineered to prevent microbial growth. Stability testing requires microbial control. And regulatory frameworks in the EU, UK and US do not recognise live bacteria as cosmetic ingredients unless the brand can demonstrate safety, viability and stability throughout the product lifecycle.

This is why most products marketed as probiotic skincare do not contain live probiotics. They contain lysates, ferments or filtrates. These are postbiotics.

Postbiotics

Postbiotics are non living microbial components or metabolites that can deliver functional benefits to the skin. They are stable, compatible with preservation systems and far easier to formulate with. They also align more naturally with cosmetic regulations because they do not introduce viability risks.

From a brand strategy perspective, postbiotics offer a safer and more scalable route to microbiome inspired innovation.

What You Can Actually Claim

Cosmetic claims must relate to cosmetic effects. They cannot imply physiological modification or disease treatment. This is the foundation of claims regulation across major markets.

Below is a clear and strategic breakdown of claims that are acceptable, claims that require strong substantiation and claims that should be avoided.

Acceptable and Substantiable Claims for Postbiotics

These claims align with cosmetic regulations and can be substantiated through in vitro, ex vivo or clinical testing:

  • Supports a balanced skin ecosystem
  • Helps maintain the skins natural microbiome
  • Helps reinforce the skins natural barrier
  • Helps improve the appearance of dryness or sensitivity
  • Helps soothe the skin
  • Helps improve the look of radiance and smoothness
  • Helps reduce the appearance of redness
  • Helps support a healthy looking complexion

These statements focus on appearance, comfort and barrier support. They do not imply medical action.

Acceptable Claims for Probiotic Inspired Formulas

Since most cosmetic products do not contain live probiotics, avoid claiming that they do unless you can prove viability. Instead, use language such as:

  • Probiotic inspired
  • Ferment derived
  • Contains postbiotic ingredients
  • Microbiome friendly

These terms allow you to leverage the microbiome narrative without making unsubstantiable claims.

Claims to Avoid

These statements imply medical or physiological action and should not be used in cosmetic marketing:

  • Restores the microbiome
  • Corrects dysbiosis
  • Treats acne eczema or dermatitis
  • Boosts immune function
  • Modifies cellular activity
  • Provides therapeutic action

These claims fall outside the cosmetic scope and would require medicinal classification.

How to Substantiate Microbiome Related Claims

Brands often assume that microbiome claims require sequencing studies. In reality, regulators accept a range of evidence as long as it is relevant and robust.

Suitable evidence includes:

  • In vitro studies demonstrating barrier support or soothing effects
  • Ex vivo studies showing improved structural integrity
  • Clinical studies measuring visible improvements
  • Instrumental measurements such as TEWL or redness reduction
  • Published literature supporting the specific postbiotic ingredient

Sequencing is only required if you claim to modify the microbiome itself. Since this is not a cosmetic claim, most brands should avoid it.

Strategic Positioning for Microbiome Focused Brands

The most successful brands in this space do not overclaim. They educate. They simplify. They build trust through transparency and evidence.

Effective positioning strategies include:

  • Emphasising skin resilience rather than microbiome correction
  • Highlighting fermentation as a natural and sustainable process
  • Using clear language that avoids scientific overreach
  • Framing postbiotics as stable and effective bioactive ingredients
  • Focusing on comfort, radiance and barrier support

Consumers respond to clarity. Regulators respond to accuracy. Brands that master both win long term trust.

Final Thoughts

The microbiome is one of the most exciting frontiers in skincare, but it requires disciplined communication. Postbiotics offer a scientifically credible and regulatory friendly path to innovation. Probiotics, while compelling in theory, remain challenging for topical cosmetics due to viability and preservation constraints.

By focusing on substantiable cosmetic claims, brands can communicate the value of microbiome science without risking regulatory scrutiny. This is where strategic advantage lies.

If you want expert support in developing compliant microbiome claims, refining your brand narrative or building evidence based product positioning, explore how Olalla Consulting can support your next innovation.

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